Aranki Lexicon | Kaarhyu.net

Pronouns

First Person

	Masculine	Neutral	Feminine	Dual/Plural
Absolutive	djigo	maʃe	ʒija	kʷasen
Ergative	djigeo	maʃeam	ʒijam	kʷasezen
Genitive	djigod	maʃedə	ʒijada	kʷasiden
Dative	djigoso	maʃese	ʒijasa	kʷasasen
Prepositional	djigom	maʃem	ʒijama	kʷasemen
Instrumental	djigi	maʃi	ʒi	kʷasin

Second Person

	Informal		Formal
	Singular	Dual/Plural	Singular	Dual/Plural
Absolutive	je	jen	vize	vizen
Ergative	jeam	jezen	vizeam	vizezen
Genitive	jedə	jiden	vizedə	viziden
Dative	jese	jasen	vizese	vizasen
Prepositional	jem	jemen	vizem	vizemen
Instrumental	ji	jin	vizi	vizin

Third Person

	Masculine		Neutral		Feminine
	Singular	Dual/Plural	Singular	Dual/Plural	Singular	Dual/Plural
Absolutive	lo	lojen	le	len	la	lajen
Ergative	lea	leajn	leam	leamen	lam	laman
Genitive	lod	lodon	ledə	ledən	lada	ladan
Dative	loso	loson	lese	lesen	lasa	lasan
Prepositional	lom	lomen	lem	lemen	lama	lamat
Instrumental	li	lin	li	lijen	li	lina

Nominal morphology

Aranki nouns decline for gender, case, and number

There are 3 genders, masculine, feminine, and neuter.

Case

There are 6 cases

Absolutive, used for the subject of sentences with intransitive verbs, and the object of sentences with transitive verbs
Ergative, used for the subject of sentences with transitive verbs
Genitive, used to show possession and composition
Dative, used for indirect objects
Prepositional, used in prepositional phrases
Instrumental, used to indicate the means of carrying out an action

Adjectives

Adjectives must agree with the word they modify in case number and gender. adjectives always follow the word they modify

Constructions

Sentence Order

Since Aranki marks grammatical function on most words, word order in Aranki sentences is relatively free. However, regional preferences for word order are attested in historical texts, and are generally assumed to be the genesis of the more fixed word orders of some succesor languages of Aranki.

In the core areas of the Empire, the prefered simple sentence order was thus:

Subject
Direct object
Indirect object
Prepositional phrase
Adverbs
Verb

Examples:

lea	zʷere	kiʃkəni
he-erg	horse-abs	pushes-3-pres
he pushes the horse

djigeo	jali	kolu
I-masc-erg	wheat-abs	farm-1-masc-pres
I farm wheat

lam	nere	loso	kʰozenɔkənit
she-erg	paper-abs	him-dat	give-3-past
She gave him the paper

However is it common to see sentences with elements moved to show emphasis. In these cases the emphasised element is moved to the begining of the sentence, although a sentence internal move can be used to show relative importance between elements.